Chapter 2 Zoning Districts Part 7 Planned Development Districts -Planned Village Development District Page 1 of 2

2.7.1 Planned Village Development (PVD) District

NOTE: The PVD District incorporates guidelines to provide certainty in the land development process. The District also retains the authority of the Planning Commission and legislative bodies to establish limitations and regulations as they deem necessary to protect the public health, safety and welfare.

Intent.

The intent of the PVD District is to promote diversity and integration of uses and structures in a planned development through flexible design standards that:

Create new communities that are livable, diverse, and sustainable;
Promote efficient and economic uses of land;
Respect and reinforce existing communities, integrating new development with existing development to ensure compatibility;
Provide flexibility to meet changing needs, technologies, economics, and consumer preferences;
Promote development patterns and land uses which reduce transportation needs and which conserve energy and natural resources;
Lower development and building costs by permitting smaller networks of utilities and streets and the use of shared facilities;
Protect and enhance natural resources;
Provide more parks, open spaces and scenic areas, either commonly owned or publicly-owned, than would otherwise be provided under conventional land development procedures; and
Encourage a variety of compatible architectural styles, building forms, and building relationships within a planned development.

The PVD District implements the following provisions of Cornerstone 2020:

Goals	Plan Elements
Mobility Strategy Goals I1, I2, I3, I4, I5 Livability Strategy Goals B1, E2, E3, E4, F3, H2, J1,	Guidelines 2, 3, 4, 5, 9

General Provisions.
1. Zone Change Applications.
  
  NOTE: Section 11.4.7 (Binding Elements) is not intended to be applicable to the PVD District.
  
  An applicant for a zone change to the PVD District shall submit a proposal for consideration for any use or mixture of uses allowed in the PVD District. The Planning Commission shall make a recommendation for a zone change according to law and the legislative body may approve any such proposal, together with any conditions, requirements or limitations thereon which the Planning Commission or legislative body deems appropriate and is agreed to by the applicant according to law.
2. Bonds.
  
  The legislative body or responsible public agencies may require bonds (or appropriate alternatives) from the applicant as Part of the Master Plan to ensure the satisfactory and timely completion of facilities under public or common ownership. This requirement is for the benefit of purchasers when the development time limits and schedule do not preclude the sale of individual units prior to the completion of such facilities. In the event that a requirement for bonds or appropriate alternatives is not provided for in the Master Plan, then the developer shall comply with requirements for such bonds required in the Subdivision Regulations.
3. Applicability of Other Ordinances/ Portions of LDC.
  
  Unless specified otherwise by this Section, all provisions of the Land Development Code shall be applicable to the PVD district.
Development Guidelines and Standards.
1. Purpose of the Village.
  
  The PVD is designed to recognize and allow for villages as a distinct pattern of development. Villages usually occur in relatively undeveloped areas. They are broadly characterized as self-contained communities having an identifiable boundary and/or open space perimeter and a center that is compact and has a mixture of uses.
2. Village Pattern.
  1. The village consists of three distinct required components: the village edge, village general, and village center. The Master Plan shall include the following components:
    1. Village Edge. The village edge is the least dense residential area of the village, also containing civic uses and permanent open space. It provides a discernible boundary for the village, may preserve sensitive natural features, and ensures compatibility with the surrounding pattern of land uses. Typically, permanent open space provided in the village edge would include, but is not limited to, a) preservation of agricultural lands, b) scenic views, c) woodlands, d) greenways, or e) natural, cultural, or historic resources within the community.
    2. Village General. The village general is primarily residential but allows a mixture of uses at limited locations and at a compatible scale and intensity. The village general also contains permanent open space, typically in the form of parks or greens.
    3. Village Center. The village center serves as the focal-point and informal gathering place of the village. It is made up of higher density residential uses, village-serving shops and services, civic buildings, and more formalized open space such as plazas or squares.
  2. The village pattern is characterized by the required features:
    1. A limited size. A complete village has most dwellings within roughly a 5 - 10 minute walk of the village center;
    2. A variety of housing types. This allows younger and older people, singles and families, and people with a wide range of incomes to have places to live. Examples include detached houses on small, standard, or large lots, duplexes, rowhouses, live/work units, and apartment buildings;
    3. A network of connected streets and walkways. Village streets provide a variety of transportation routes and disperse traffic. Streets are relatively narrow and most are tree lined to create a pleasant environment;
    4. Designated sites for civic buildings. Buildings such as schools, libraries, museums, meeting halls, places of worship, and day care facilities should occupy prominent places in the village and be planned in coordination with open spaces;
    5. Many separate and human-scaled buildings. Small lots and a variety of buildings generate a cohesive pattern that allows streets to be civic places. Building heights vary, with one and two story structures typical in the village general and village edge and structures up to four stories typical in the village center. Buildings in the village center should generally be placed close to the sidewalk, creating a strong sense of spatial definition, while buildings in the village general and village edge are set back from the sidewalk. Civic buildings have a distinctive form to differentiate their role from that of other buildings;
    6. Open space and natural features, such as trees of high quality and significant tree stands, wetlands, streams, and steep slopes, are retained, linked where possible and incorporated into the village pattern; and
    7. Cultural resources, such as historic buildings, districts and landscapes, are preserved and reused in the village.
3. Development Standards.
  
  The following standards are intended for use in preparing a Master Plan for consideration under the PVD District.
  1. Size of site. A village shall not have a minimum or maximum size; however, it generally would be about forty (40) to two hundred (200) acres. Parcels significantly larger than two hundred (200) acres should be developed as multiple villages, with each village designed to be integrated into an overall plan and the total site subject to all the provisions. Applications for sites significantly less than 40 acres shall be considered when adjacent to or integrated with an existing or approved village.
  2. Density. The maximum number of residential dwelling units permitted in the village district shall be 5 dwelling units per net acre, notwithstanding the location of the village in more than one county. If the village is located in more than one county, the number of dwelling units shall be established through inter-local agreement with both counties or
    
    NOTE: An example of permanent open space at the edge is farmland that has been placed under conservation easement.
    
    by deed restriction. On sites with land that is required to be dedicated as open space for public health and safety (as defined in Chapter 10, Part 5) a density bonus of 2.5 dwelling units per acre of dedicated land is allowed. This density bonus is applicable to no more than 25% of the total acreage of the land. An accessory apartment constructed in accordance with applicable land use standards of the PVD District shall not be counted as a residential dwelling unit.
  3. Village edge. The edge is a required component and should make up a large portion of the village. It can include a combination of publicly owned land such as parks and greenways and privately owned land such as areas that have been protected by conservation easements and residential lots. However, the specific size, location, and design of the village edge is intended to be flexible based on the context of the adjacent pattern of development and the presence of sensitive natural features. Transition between adjacent land uses and the village can be achieved through a village edge containing a combination of residential lots and permanent open space. Landscape buffers shall be provided at the village edge regardless of the type of adjacent land use, however, transition between an existing neighborhood and village can be achieved by creating a tree-lined boulevard or landscape buffer.
  4. Village center. The village center should be compact and located roughly within a 5-to-10 minute walk (approximately 1,350’) of most village residents. It may also be located where it can intercept traffic coming and going from the village. The location of the village center may be altered where natural features of the existing pattern of development precludes such a location. A minimum of 2% but not more than 30% of the gross acreage of the village should be designated as village center. To ensure a mixture of uses in the village center, the following guidelines shall apply:
    
    Some dwelling units shall be located in the village center (at least 10% of the total number of dwelling units in the village recommended but not required). Retail, office, and service uses should be sized area and intensity to meet the needs of village residents. A minimum of 2,500 square feet of gross leasable retail area should be located in the village center. The maximum amount (gross leasable area) of retail use to be located in the village center shall be limited to 200 square feet per dwelling unit. The maximum amount (gross leasable area) of office and service use to be located in the village center shall be provided by the applicant, however, single retail uses with a building footprint of greater than 50,000 square feet shall be discouraged. Home occupation uses and non-residential uses within a live/work unit shall not be included in gross leasable area calculations when determining minimum and maximum area.
  5. Open Space. The minimum requirement for open space in the village shall be 25% to 30% of the gross acreage of the village. Open space used to meet the minimum requirement shall be permanent open space that meets the requirements of Chapter 10, Part 5 of the Land Development Code. In villages with less than 30% open space at least 70% of the required open space (17.5% of the gross acreage minimum) must be publicly accessible and must be designed for outdoor recreation. In villages with 30% or more open space, at least 50% of the required open space (15% of the gross acreage minimum) must be publicly accessible and designed for outdoor recreation. This requirement, however, shall not be construed as limiting the amount of open space that is necessary to satisfy public health and safety requirements.
    
    Some open space should be located in each of the village component. The following standards apply to open space in the village:
    1. Open space used to meet the requirement in the village edge shall be designated as one of the open space types defined in Chapter 10, Part 5. In addition, the village edge may include open space that is defined as large lots that are privately owned and permanently protected by conservation easements. These lots should be no less than 10 acres in size and should average at least 15 acres. The applicant could either purchase the development rights of properties adjacent to the village or place easements on the lots before they are sold. These lots may remain in private ownership, would be maintained by the landowner and would not have to be publicly accessible. The applicant is, however, encouraged to provide access easements on these properties where appropriate, to provide connections to trails or greenways.
    2. Open space used to meet the requirement in the village general shall be designed as squares, greens, sports fields, pedestrian or bicycle trails, or greenways and may be associated with civic buildings. Each lot in a village general should be within approximately 1,350 feet of one of these types of open space.
    3. Open space used to meet the requirement in the village center shall be designed as squares, plazas, or greens and may be associated with civic buildings.
    4. Squares, plazas, and greens may not be located behind dwellings. Exceptions may be permitted where topography, existing street layout, or other features make this restriction impractical.
    5. A minimum of 50% of the open space in a village should enfront on public thoroughfares.
    6. Open space associated with civic uses (such as school playgrounds and sports fields or a church yard that is designed as a green) may be used to meet the requirement if it is publicly accessible and designed as one of the open space types that are allowed in that component of the village as described above in Paragraphs i, ii, and iii above.
    7. Parking lots may only be used to meet an open space requirement as specifically permitted in Chapter 10, Part 5.
    8. No more than 25% of the required open space shall be covered by water.
    9. Land used to meet the open space requirement must be publicly accessible, except for:
      1. land dedicated to natural resource protection that requires special protection (such as habitat for threatened or endangered species):
      2. land managed for production of resources;
      3. lands used for public health and safety purposes; and
      4. privately owned cultural resources and lands that are permanently protected by conservation easements or held by a land trust. (Lands protected by conservation easement or held by a land trust may be used to meet the open space requirement with permission of the easement holder or land trust.)
  6. Civic Uses. At least 2% of the gross acreage of the village shall be developed as civic use(s). Civic uses should be located at important sites to reinforce community identity and should have a distinctive form to differentiate their role from that of other buildings and uses.
  7. Street Network.
    1. Villages should have a hierarchy of streets. The Master Plan shall specify standards for minimum pavement width, required right of way, presence of curbs, on-street parking, street trees, street furniture, bikeways, and sidewalks.
    2. Villages should have a connected network of streets, alleys and bicycle/ pedestrian pathways. All streets and bicycle/ pedestrian pathways shall connect to other streets within the Village and to existing and projected corridors outside the Village, if applicable. Cul-de-sacs are not permitted within the village unless natural features such as topography or stream corridors prohibit a street connection. Stub streets may be required where a street is likely to be extended in the future.
    3. Streets in villages should be designed for pedestrian safety. To accomplish this goal, street width, pattern and design shall be used to reduce vehicle travel speeds and encourage pedestrian activity. Streets may be permitted to vary in size and form from conventional development to control traffic and give character to the village
    4. There shall be alleys to the rear of blocks in the village center and those blocks in the village general with majority of building lots less than 60’ in width.
    5. Location for a transit shelter should be reserved in the village center, preferably near shops and services and within walking distance of many residents. Transit shelter design should consider personal safety and year-round weather conditions.
    6. Sidewalks or pedestrian paths, (minimum 4’ width recommended), should be provided on at least one wide of all streets in the village edge. In the village general and village center, sidewalks should be provided on both sides of all streets (4’ minimum width recommended, 12’ minimum width recommended enfronting commercial use where outdoor seating is to be accommodated). Sidewalks and pedestrian bicycle paths do not have to be parallel to the street right of way; they may meander around trees, stone walls, small hills, etc., to make the streetscape more interesting and take advantage of scenic features.
    7. A tree strip, approximately 5’ in width should be provided between the roadbed and the sidewalk/ pedestrian path in the village general and village edge. Tree strips should be continuous between drives and or road intersections. In the village center, street trees should be provided in a tree strip or in grated sidewalk planters. Street trees shall be provided according to standards of the Land Development Code.
  8. Blocks.
    1. Blocks may be square, elongated or irregular. Block shape and size should respond to topography, existing vegetation, hydrology, and design intentions.
    2. Blocks are encouraged to vary in size, with smaller blocks generally located in the village center and larger blocks in the village edge. Blocks that are longer than 1000’ are encouraged to be bisected by a walking path.
  9. Stormwater Management.
    
    The amount of open space necessary to the village district, combined with a development pattern in which lot size and density generally decreased from the village center out to the village edge allows for a unique opportunity to reduce storm water quality and quantity impact. The village should be designed in a manner that ensures that a hydrologic behavior of post-construction peak run off rates leaving the development site will not exceed pre-construction rates unless the site is utilizing a regional detention facility with the permission of the Metropolitan Sewer District.
  10. Utility Services.
    
    The village shall be provided with a complete water distribution system, sufficient to meet current standards for fire protection, from an approved public water system and shall be served by a sanitary sewer system in accordance with requirements by the Metropolitan Sewer District and the Division of Environmental Health and Protection. Installation of all utility services is required before the record plat is approved or before the performance bond is released.

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