Chapter 9 Parking and Loading Part 1 Motor Vehicle Parking Standards

9.1 Motor Vehicle Parking Standards

The requirements of this Part are intended to provide off-street parking, queuing and loading facilities in proportion to the need created by each land use. They are further intended to provide for accommodation of vehicles in a functionally and aesthetically satisfactory manner and to minimize external effects on adjacent land uses.

The following terms relating to Motor Vehicle Parking and Loading
are included in the Definitions (Chapter 1 Part 2):
Truck, -Light Truck, -Medium Truck, –Heavy Truck, Utility
Trailer, Vehicle, Vehicle Passenger, Vehicle Recreational

9.1.1 Relationship to the Comprehensive Plan

The parking and loading standards prescribed by this Part are intended to implement the following Cornerstone 2020 Comprehensive Plan Goals and Plan Elements.

Goals	Plan Elements
Community Form Strategy A3	Guidelines 2, 3, 7

9.1.2 Applicability

The requirements of this Part shall apply to all parking and loading areas in all Form Districts, whether required by this Land Development Code or created for the convenience of property owners or users. No certificate of occupancy shall be provided unless and until the appropriate motor vehicle parking and loading facilities are provided in compliance with this Part.

9.1.3 Calculating Parking Requirements / Allowances

Parking Spaces Required / Allowed. The minimum and maximum number of parking spaces required/allowed is based upon both the use and the Form District/Planned Development District in which that use is located. To determine the minimum number of parking spaces required and the maximum allowed, locate the applicable standard based on the Form District/ Planned Development District in which the use is located in Table 9.1.1 and apply that standard to the requirements associated with the specific use located in Table 9.1.2.
Nonconforming parking. A use or structure with nonconforming off-street parking (e.g., insufficient off-street parking to meet the current land use requirements in compliance with Table 9.1.2 , below) may be physically enlarged (e.g., expansion of structure or outdoor land use) or undergo a change in use in compliance with the following provisions.
1. Residential uses. No additional parking spaces shall be required; provided, the change does not increase the number of dwelling units, nor eliminate the only portion of the site that can be used for the required or existing parking or access.
2. Non-residential uses.
  1. The number of existing parking spaces shall be maintained on the site and additional parking spaces shall be provided in compliance with this Chapter and Subparagraph.
  2. If the use is enlarged (e.g., expansion of structure or outdoor land use) so that it requires more parking than the previous use, only the number of parking spaces required for the enlargement shall be required to be added to the existing parking spaces.
  3. If the use of the structure is changed to one that requires more parking than the previous use, only the difference between the number of parking spaces required for the previous use and those required for the new use shall be required to be added to the existing parking spaces.
  4. The change shall not eliminate the only portion of the site that can be used for the required or existing parking or access.
Parking Requirements for Uses not Listed. Parking requirements for a use not specifically listed in Table 9.1.2 shall be determined by the Planning Commission or its designee based on the standards for the closest comparable use and on the particular parking demand and trip generation characteristics of the proposed use.
Different Use Areas
1. The number of parking spaces shall be computed based on the primary uses on the site except as stated in E.
2. of this Section, below. Where there are two or more separate primary uses on a site, the required or allowed parking for the site shall be the sum of the required or allowed parking for the individual primary uses. For joint use parking provisions, see Section 9.1.6 of this Part. 2. When more than twenty (20) percent of the gross floor area of all buildings on a site is in an accessory use, the required or allowed parking shall be calculated separately for the accessory use.
Exception: An accessory use constituting twenty (20) percent or less of the gross floor area of all buildings on a site shall be calculated independently when the accessory use is specified in the parking requirements for the primary use found in Table 9.1.2.
Calculations.
1. When the calculation of the number of required or allowed parking spaces result in fractions, any fraction less than one-half (1/2) shall be disregarded and any fraction of one-half (1/2) or more shall be rounded up to the next whole number.
2. If the maximum number of parking spaces allowed is less than one, then the maximum number is automatically increased to one.
3. If the maximum number of parking spaces allowed is less than or equal to the minimum number required, then the maximum number is automatically increased to one more than the minimum.
Table 9.1.1 Minimum and Maximum Parking Spaces Based on Form District/Planned Development District
Note: All reductions are cumulative unless otherwise specified and, when utilized, all percentages shall be calculated using the minimum number of parking spaces required by Table 9.1.2

Form District/Planned Development District	Minimum Requirement -Table 9.1.2	Maximum Requirement - Table 9.1.2	Applicable Reductions
Neightborhood Village Town Center Planned Village Development District	Applicable	Applicable	1,2,7,8 and 9
Traditional Neighborhood Tranditional marketplace Corridor Traditional Workplace	Applicable	Applicable	1,2,4,6,7,8 and 9
Campus Suburban Workplace	Applicable	Applicable	1,3,7,8 and 9
Downtown	Not Applicable	Not Applicable	Not Applicable
Regional Center Suburban marketplace Corridor	Applicable	Applicable	1,2,5,7, and 9
Planned Transit Development District	80% Applicable	Applicable	2,7,8 and 9

Off-street Parking Reductions (see Table 9.1.1 for applicable reductions by form district/planned development district)
1. A ten (10) percent reduction in the minimum required number of spaces shall apply to any development within 200 feet of a designated transit route.
2. A ten (10) percent reduction in the minimum required number of spaces shall apply to any development site that incorporates at least 25% of the gross floor area of the development site to residential use. An additional ten (10) percent reduction for the development site shall be applicable to developments that incorporate at least one mixed use structure that contains a minimum of five (5) residential units.
3. Applicants may defer construction of up to 30% of the required number of spaces, if the applicant commits to implement a traffic demand management plan which eliminates the need for the number of parking spaces being deferred. This 30% deferral shall be in addition to any other reductions provided in this Part. The use of this provision shall require that an area owned or controlled by the applicant and large enough to provide the deferred parking spaces be set aside and maintained as open space. The plan shall be prepared in accordance with guidance established by the Planning Director. The Director shall consult with the agency responsible for approval of off-street parking facilities in review of the plan, and the Planning Director may approve, approve with conditions, or deny said plan. The deferral of parking space construction shall continue for as long as the traffic demand management plan is in effect and the demand for vehicle parking is satisfied on property owned or controlled by the applicant. The Director shall notify the building permit issuing department of any approved reduction in parking. Applicants shall agree to construct the deferred parking spaces if the Planning Director finds that any portion of the plan is not in effect or that the demand for vehicle parking is not being satisfied on the site. Provisions of the traffic demand management plan shall be enforceable in the same manner as binding elements.
4. An area equal to that needed to provide up to ten (10) percent of the parking spaces required for retail uses may be delineated from the balance of the parking lot with removable barriers and be used as open space, recreational facilities or outdoor sales/display area during the non-peak period (January 15th to November 15th or any other ten month non-peak period approved by the Planning Director). This area shall be surfaced with grass or a semi-pervious or other paving system, excluding asphalt or concrete, approved by the agency responsible for approval of off-street parking facilities. Parking areas existing at the time of adoption of this Chapter that are surfaced with hard and durable materials, including but not limited to asphalt and concrete, may comply with this note without modifying the existing surfacing material(s) only if the area meets the screening requirements for vehicle use areas as required in Chapter 10 of the Land Development Code.
5. Structures originally built as corner commercial structures that are zoned C-N and C-R that change use of the first floor of the structure from residential use to non-residential use may do so without an increase in their minimum parking spaces required.
6. A Parking Waiver must be obtained to reduce the minimum number of required parking spaces, except as provided in Table 9.1.1.
7. A Parking Waiver must be obtained to exceed the maximum number of parking spaces permitted except when those spaces in excess of the maximum allowed are located within a structured parking facility.
8. A twenty (20) percent reduction in the minimum number of parking spaces required shall apply to any development that rehabilitates a structure that is eligible for or currently listed on the National Register for Historic Places in accordance with the Secretary of the Interior Standards for Historic Preservation.)

Table 9.1.2A Minimum and Maximum Motor Vehicle Parking Based on Use

USE CATEGORY Residential	SPECIFIC USES	MINIMUM SPACES REQUIRED	MAXIMUM SPACES ALLOWED
Group Housing
	Assisted Living Residences	.5 spaces for each dwelling unit, plus 1 space for each 2 employees on maximum shift	1.5 spaces for each dwelling unit, plus 1 space for each employee on maximum shift
	College Dormitories	1 space for each sleeping room OR As dermined upon review by the Planning Director	2 space for each sleeping room OR As determined upon review by the Planning Director
	Dwellings for Persons with Disabilities that Preclude Driving	.25 spaces for each dwelling unit intended for occupancy by persons with disabilities that preclude driving, plus 1.5 spaces for each dwelling unit intended to be occupied by support staff	.75 spaces for each dwelling unit intended for occupancy by persons with disabilities that preclude driving, plus 2 spaces for each dwelling unit intended to be occupied by support staff
	Fraternities and sororities	2 spaces for each 3 bedrooms, or 1 spaces for each 50 sq. ft. of floor area used for meeting rooms, whichever is greater	1.5 spaces for each bedroom, or 1 spaces for each 30 sq. ft. of floor area used for meeting rooms, whichever is greater
	Rehabilitation Home	.75 spaces for each bedroom	1.5 spaces for each bedroom
	Rooming, Boarding and Lodging Houses/Bed and Breakfast	.75 spaces for each bedroom	1.5 spaces for each bedroom
	Senior Citizen or Retirement Facilities	.5 spaces for each dwelling unit, plus 1 space for each 2 employees on maximum shift	1.5 spaces for each dwelling unit, plus 1 space for each employee on maximum shift
Household Living
	Accessory Residential Uses (e.g. swimming pools, club houses, tennis courts, etc.)	As determined upon review by the Planning Director	As determined upon review by the Planning Director
	Duplexes	1 space for each dwelling unit (driveways, carports and garages may be used to fulfill this requirement)	No more than 3 vehicles owned or leased by a resident may be parked outdoors. this does not inlcude vehicles parked in garages or carports with at least three sides enclosed. (See Section 9.1.15)
	Multiple Family Dwellings Located within the Traditional Neighborhood, and Traditional Market place Corridor Form Districts: Located within any other Form District:	1.5 space for each dwelling unit 1.5 space for each dwelling unit	2.5 spaces for each dwelling unit 3 spaces for each dwelling unit
	Single Family Dwellings Located on a lot < 6,000 sq. ft. in size: Located on a lot between 6,000 and 20,000 sq. ft. in size: Located on a lot > 20,000 sq. ft. in size:	1 space for each dwelling unit in Traditional Form Districts and 2 spaces for each dwelling unit within Suburban Form Districts (driveways, carports and garages may be used to fulfill this requirement) 1 space for each dwelling unit in Traditional Form Districts and 2 spaces for each dwelling unit within Suburban Form Districts (driveways, carports and garages may be used to fulfill this requirement) 1 space for each dwelling unit in Traditional Form Districts and 2 spaces for each dwelling unit within Suburban Form Districts (driveways, carports and garages may be used to fulfill this requirement)	No more than 3 vehicles owned or leased by a resident may be parked outdoors. this odes not include vehicles parked in garages or carports with at least three sides enclosed. (see Section 9.1.15) No more than 4 vehicles owned or leased by a resident may be parked outdoors. This does not include vehicles parked in garages or carports with at lease three sides enclosed. (See Section 9.1.15) No more than 5 vehicles owned or lease by a resident may be parked outdoors. This does not include vehicles parked in garages or carports with at least three side enclosed. (se Section 9.1.15)

Table 9.1.2B Minimum and Maximum Motor Vehicle Parking Based on Use

USE CATEGORY OFFICE/FINANCIAL	SPECIFIC USES	MINIMUM SPACES REQUIRED	MAXIMUM SPACES ALLOWED
Financial Institutions	Banks, Credit Unions and Related Financial Institutions Drive-Through and/or Walk In Facility Drive-Through Only	1 space for each 300 sq. ft. of gross floor area in Suburban form districts. 1 space for each 500 sq. ft. of gross floor area in traditional form districts. (See Section 9.1.14 for queue space requirements) 1 space for each 2 employees on maximum shift, plus 2 additional spaces (see Section 9.1.14 for queue space requirements)	1 space for each 200 sq. ft. of gross floor area 1 space for each employee on maximum shift, plus 2 additional spaces
Office	General/Professional Office (excluding medical)	1 space for each 350 sq. ft. of gross floor area in suburban form districts. 1 space for each 500 sq. ft. of gross floor area in traditional form districts.	1 space for each 200 sq. ft. of gross floor area
	Medical/Dental/Veterinary Office or Clinic	1 space for each 250 sq. ft. of gross floor area in suburban form districts. 1 space for each 500 sq. ft. of gross floor area in traditional form districts.	1 space for each 150 sq. ft. of gross floor area
	Studios for Artist, Designers, Photographers and Similar Professionals	1 space for each practitioner occupying the site on a full time basis, plus 1 space for every student if classes are conducted on the site	3 spaces for each practitioner occupying the site on a full time basis, plus 1 space for every student if classes are conducted on the site
	Studios for Audio and Video	2 spaces plus 1 space for each employee on maximum shift	5 spaces plus 1 space for each employee on maximum shift
	Telemarketing Facility/Call Centers and Similar Uses	1 space for each 250 sq. ft. of gross floor area	1 space for each 125 sq. ft. of gross floor area

Table 9.1.2C Minimum and Maximum Motor Vehicle Parking Based on Use

USE CATEGORY Industrial And Manufacturing	SPECIFIC USES	MINIMUM SPACES REQUIRED	MAXIMUM SPACES ALLOWED
	Industrial, Manufacturing, Warehouses and Storage Uses	1 space for each 1.5 employees based on combined employment count of the main shift plus the second shift	1 space for each employee based on combined employment count of the main shift plus the second shift

Table 9.1.2D Minimum and Maximum Motor Vehicle Parking Based on Use

USE CATEGORY Retail	SPECIFIC USES	MINIMUM SPACES REQUIRED	MAXIMUM SPACES ALLOWED
	Book, Art, Gift, Pet, Music, Flower Shops and Similar Uses (if greater than 50,000 sq. ft., parking requirements for department/discount stores shall apply)	1 space for each 250 sq. ft. of gross floor area in suburban form districts. 1 spaces for each 500 sq. ft. of gross floor area in traditional form districts.	1 space for each 150 sq. ft. of gross floor area
	Convenience Stores and Gas Stations	1 space for each 200 sq. ft. of gross floor area in suburban form districts. 1 space for each 500 sq. ft. of gross floor area in traditional form districts. (Parking spaces at gasoline pumps may be used to satisfy these requirements)	1 space for each 100 sq. ft. of gross floor area
	Department /Discount Stores	1 space for each 300 sq. ft. of gross floor area in suburban form districts, plus the requirements for any outdoor sales area 1 space for each 500 sq. ft. of gross floor area in traditional form districts (Note: from Salt Lake City, UT) plus the requirement for any outdoor sales area	1 space for each 200 sq. ft. of gross floor area, plus the requirements for any outdoor sales area
	Furniture Stores	1 space for each 400 sq. ft. of gross floor area	1 space for each 200 sq. ft. of gross floor area
	Greenhouses and Nurseries	1 space for each 300 sq. ft. of gross floor area, plus the requirements for any outdoor sales area	1 space for each 150 sq. ft. of gross floor area, plus the requirements for any outdoor sales area
	Grocery Stores	1 space for each 250 sq. ft. of gross floor area in suburban form districts. 1 space for each 500 sq. ft. of gross floor area in traditional form districts	1 space for each 200 sq. ft. of gross floor area
	Hardware/Home Improvement Stores	1 space for each 300 sq. ft. of gross floor area, plus the requirements for any outdoor display or sales area	1 space for each 200 sq. ft. of gross floor area, plus the requirements for any outdoor display or sales area
	Liquor Stores (packaged sales no consumption on site)	1 space per 250 sq. ft. of gross floor area	1 space per 150 sq. ft. of gross floor area
	Manufactured/Modular Home Sales	2 spaces for each employee on maximum shift, plus requirement for offices	3 spaces for each employee on maximum shift, plus requirements for offices
	Motor Vehicle Sales	1 space for each 7,0000 sq. ft. of outdoor display/sales area, plus 1 space for each 250 sq. ft. of interior display/sales area, plus parking requirements for auto service establishment (if applicable)	1 space for each 5,000 sq. ft. of outdoor sales area, plus 1 space for each 150 sq. ft. of interior display/sales area, plus parking requirements for auto service establishment (if applicable)
	Outdoor Display/Sales	1 space for each 500 sq. ft. of outdoor display or sales area	1 space for each 300 sq. ft. of outdoor display or sales area
	Pawn Shops	1 space for each 300 sq. ft. of gross floor area	1 space for each 200 sq. ft. of gross floor area
	Pharmacies/Drug Stores	1 space for each 300 sq. ft. of gross floor area used by pharmacist and related waiting areas, plus 1 space for each 250 sq. ft. of gross floor area of retail space in suburban form districts 1 space for each 5000 sq. ft. of gross floor area in traditional form districts (see Section 9.1.14 for queue space requirements)	1 space for each 2100 sq. ft. of gross floor area used by pharmacist and related waiting areas, plus 1 space for each 150 sq. ft. of gross floor area of retail space.
	Shopping Centers and Malls (A primarily commercial development that includes one or more retail uses. the total gross leasable area must be in excess of 50,000 sq. ft. in one or more buildings, located on one or more lots which are designed and laid out to function as an interrelated development, as evidenced by both shared driveways and common parking areas.) <400,000 - 600,000 sq. ft. of gross leasable area: >600,000 sq. ft. of gross leasable area:	(Any use or group of uses located within a shopping center as defined herein shall have the option of meeting the parking requirements for the individual uses within the shopping center or the requirements for a shopping center, except that the minimum parking requirements for restaurants, taverns, night clubs, dance halls, pool halls and similar uses as well as movie theaters and bingo halls should be calculated independently) 4 spaces for each 1,000 sq. ft. of gross leasable area in Suburban Form Districts 4.5 spaces for each 1,000 sq. ft. of gross leasable area in Suburban Form Districts 5 spaces for each 1,000 sq. ft. of gross leasable area in Suburban Form Districts 1 space per 500 sq. feet of gross floor area in Traditional Form Districts	(Any use or group of uses located within a shopping center as defined herein shall have the option of meeting the parking requirements for the individual uses within the shopping center or the requirements for a shopping center, except that the minimum parking requirements for restaurants, taverns, night clubs, dance halls, pool halls and similar uses as well as movie theaters should be calculated independently) 5 spaces for each 1,000 sq. ft. of gross leasable area 5.5 spaces for each 1,000 sq. ft. of gross leasable area 6 spaces for each 1,000 sq. ft. of gross leasable area

Table 9.1.2E Minimum and Maximum Motor Vehicle Parking Based on Use

USE CATEGORY Non-Retail Commercial	SPECIFIC USES	MINIMUM SPACES REQUIRED	MAXIMUM SPACES ALLOWED
	Auto Rental Agency	1 space for each 400 sq. ft. of gross floor area in the building, plus 1 spade for each 2 employees on maximum shift with a minimum of 5 spaces	1 space for each 200 sq. ft. of gross floor area in the building, plus 1 spade for each 2 employees on maximum shift, with a minimum of 5 spaces
	Auto Service Establishments	1 space for each employee on maximum shift, plus 2 space for each service by (service bay may count as 1 of the required spaces)	1 space for each employee on maximum shift, plus 5 spaces for each service bay (service bay may count as 1 of the required spaces)
	Barber and Beauty Shops	1 space for each 250 sq. ft. of gross floor area in suburban form districts. 1 space for each 350 sq. ft. of gross floor area in tradition form districts.	1 space for each 100 sq. ft. of gross floor area
	Bingo Halls	1 space for each 100 sq. ft. of gross floor area	1 space for each 50 sq. ft. of gross floor area
	Car wash Conveyor Type Operated by Customer Conveyor Type Operated/Washed by Employees Self- Service Manual Type	1 space for each conveyor unit or stall plus 1 space for each vacuum unit (if not accessible to queue spaces) (See Section 9.1.14 for queue space requirements) 1 space for each 2 employees on maximum shift (see Section 9.1.14 for queue space requirements) 2 spaces for each stall, plus 1 space for each vacuum unit (if not accessible to queue spaces) (see Section 9.1.14 for queue space requirements)	2 spaces for each conveyor unit or stall, plus 1 space for each vacuum unit (if not accessible from queue spaces) 1 space for each employee on maximum shift 3 spaces for each stall, plus 1 space for each vacuum unit (if not accessible to queue spaces)
	Catering Kitchen preparing food for off-site consumption	2 spaces, plus 1 space for each 1.5 employees on maximum shift, plus 1 space for each business vehicle	4 spaces, plus 1 space for each employee on maximum shift, plus 1 space for each business vehicle
	Drive-In Movie Theaters	1 space for each vehicle at maximum capacity, plus 3 spaces	1 space for each vehicle at maximum capacity, plus 10 spaces
	Electronic and Electrical Repair Sevice Shop	1 space for each 300 sq. ft. of gross floor area, with a minimum of 3 spaces	1 space for each 200 sq. ft. of gross floor area
	Hotels and Motels	1 space for each sleeping room or individual suite of sleeping rooms, plus 1 space for each 250 square feet of gross floor area within the restaurant/bar/entertainment facility (if applicable)	1.5 space for each sleeping room or individual suite of sleeping rooms, plus 1 space for each 100 square feet of gross floor area within the restaurant/bar/entertainment facility (if applicable)
	Ice Cram Parlor/Coffee Shop	1 space for each 200 sq. ft. of gross floor area in Suburban Form Districts (see Section 9.1.14 for queue space requirements) 1 space for each 500 sq. ft. of gross floor area in Traditional Form Districts (see Section 9.1.14 for queue space requirements)	1 space for each 100 sq. ft. of gross floor area
	*outside dining subject to same requirement as inside dining
	laundromats and Dry Cleaners	1 space fore each 300 sq. ft. of gross floor area in suburban form districts. 1 space for each 350 sq. ft. of gross floor area in traditional form districts. (see Section 9.1.14 for queue space requirements)	1 space for each 150 sq. ft. of gross floor area
	Movie Theaters and Cinemas (Indoors)	1 space for each 4 seats	1 space for each 3 seats
	Night Clubs, Taverns, Dance Halls, Pool Halls, and similar uses	1 space for each 100 sq. ft. of gross floor area	1 space for each 50 sq. ft. of gross floor area
	Pet Grooming and Kennels	3 spaces, plus 1 for each 2 employees on maximum shift, plus 1 space for each 3 pet owners at maximum capacity if animal training classes taught on-site	5 spaces, plus 1 for each 2 employees on maximum shift, plus 1 space for each 3 pet owners at maximum capacity if animal training classes taught on-site
	Picture Framing, Photo Copying, Tailor shops and Similar Service Shops	1 space for each 250 sq. ft. of gross floor area, with a minimum of 3 spaces	1 space for each 150 sq. ft. of gross floor area
	Reception Hall	1 space for each 100 sq. ft. of gross floor area	1 space for each 50 sq. ft. of gross floor area
	Restaurants Sit-down (with or without drive-through *outdoor dining area subject to same requirements as indoor dining.) Carry-out only (with or without drive-through)	1 space fore each 125 sq. ft. of gross floor area in suburban form districts. 1 space for each 250 sq. ft. of gross floor area in traditional form districts. (see section 9.1.14 for queue space requirements) 1 space for each 200 sq. ft. of gross floor area in suburban form districts. 1 space for each 500 sq. ft. of gross floor area in traditional form districts. (see section 9.1.14 for queue space requirements)	1 space for each 50 sq. ft. of gross floor area 1 space for each 125 sq. ft. of gross floor area
	Video Rental Stores	1 space for each 250 sq. ft. of gross floor area in suburbna form Districts. 1 space for each 500 sq. ft. of gross floor area in traditional form districts.	1 space for each 200 sq. ft. of gross floor area

Table 9.1.2F Minimum and Maximum Motor Vehicle Parking Based on Use

USE CATEGORY Recreational;	SPECIFIC USES	MINIMUM SPACES REQUIRED	MAXIMUM SPACES ALLOWED
	Arcades, Games Rooms, Go-Cart Facilities and other similar uses	Indoor: 1 space for each 123 sq. ft. of gross floor area Outdoor: 1 space for each 300 sq. ft. of gross floor area for facilities and designated play areas	Indoor: 1 space for each 100 sq. ft. of gross floor area Outdoor: 1 space for each 200 sq. ft. of gross floor area for facilities and designated play areas
	Athletic Fields	To be determined by the Planning Director	To be determined by the Planning Director
	Bowling Alleys	4 spaces for each alley or lane	6 spaces for each alley or lane
	Coliseums, Stadiums, and similar facilities	1 space for each 4 seats or 4 people accommodated at maximum capacity	1 space for each 2.5 sears or 2.5 people accommodated at maximum capacity
	Golf Courses	2 spaces for each hole, plus 1 space for each two employees on maximum shift	4 spaces for each hole, plus 1 space for each employee on maximum shift
	Golf Driving Ranges and Miniature Golf Courses	2 space fore each 1.5 tees, plus 1 space for each 1.5 employees on maximum shift	1 space for each tee, plus 1 space for each employee on maximum shift
	Horseback Riding Stables (Commercial)	1 space for each horse boarded at the facility	3 spaces for each horse boarded at the facility
	Indoor Athletic and Exercise Facilities/Health Club/Gymnastic, Karate, Yoga Studios and similar facilities	1 space for each 300 sq. ft. of gross floor area	2 space for each 100 sq. ft. of gross floor area
	Public Swimming Pools	1 space for each 100 sq. ft. of water surface areas, plus 1 space for each 50 sq. ft. of site area used for spectator seating	1 space for each 60 sq. ft. of water surface area, plus 1 space for each 30 sq. ft. of site area used for spectator seating
	Skateboard Parks, Water Slides, and similar uses	1 space for each 5 people the facility is designed to accommodate at maximum capacity	1 space for each 2 people the facility is designed to accommodate at maximum capacity
	Tennis Centers	1 space for each 2 employees on maximum shift, plus 4 spaces for each court	1 space for each employee on maximum shift, plus 6 spaces for each court

Table 9.1.2G Minimum and Maximum Motor Vehicle Parking Based on Use

USE CATEGORY Institutional	SPECIFIC USES	MINIMUM SPACES REQUIRED	MAXIMUM SPACES ALLOWED
Educational Facilities
	Colleges and Universities	As determined upon review by the Planning Director	As determined upon review by the Planning Director
	Grade, Elementary, and Junior High Schools	2 spaces for each classroom, or 1 space for each 5 seats in the primary assembly area, whichever is greater OR As determined upon review by the Planning Director	3 spaces for each classroom, or 1 space for each 3 seats in the primary assembly area, whichever is greater OR As determined upon review by the Planning Director
	High Schools	5 spaces for each classroom, or 1 space for each 4 seats in the primary assembly area, whichever is greater OR As determined upon review by the Planning Director	10 spaces for each classroom, or 1 space for each 3 seats in the primary assembly area, whichever is greater or As determined upon review by the Planning Director
	Trade, Business and Other Proprietary Schools	1 space for each 4 classroom seats, plus 1 space for each 3 employees on maximum shift	1 space for each 2 classroom seats, plus 1 space for each employee on maximum shift
Health/Day Care Facilities
	Asylums, Institutions, and Homes for Convalescents, Orphans, or Indigents	1 space for each 6 beds	1 space for each 2 beds
	Day Care Centers, Day Nurseries, Nursery Schools and similar uses	2 spaces for each employee on maximum shift or 1 space for each employee on maximum shift plus an area designated for children drop-off and pick-up that must be approved by the agency responsible for the approval of off-street parking facilities.	4 spaces for each employee on maximum shift or 2 spaces for each employee on maximum shift plus an area designated for children drop-off and pick-up that must be approved by the agency responsible for the approval of off-street parking facilities.
	Hospitals	As determined upon review by the Planning Director	As determined upon review by the Planning Director
Religious Institutions
	Churches, Synagogues and similar religious uses Where permanent seats installed: Where no permanent seats installed:	1 space for each 3 seats in the sanctuary or primary assembly area 1 space for each 50 sq. ft. of seating area in the sanctuary or primary assembly area *When calculating the required parking for this use, one shall consider all uses associated with the primary use on the site and their hours of operation and peak hours of usage to determine the minimum number of parking spaces needed to adequately serve all uses associated with the primary use. the Planning Director may waive the requirements of Section 9.1.3E. of this Part if adequate information is provided by the applicant to determine the cumulative parking needs on the site.	125% the minimum number of spaces required 125% the minimum number of spaces required

Table 9.1.2H Minimum and Maximum Motor Vehicle Parking Based on Use

USE CATEGORY Other Facilities	SPECIFIC USES	MINIMUM SPACES REQUIRED	MAXIMUM SPACES ALLOWED
	Agricultural, Silvicultural, Mining, and Quarrying Operations	1.5 spaces for each 2 employees on maximum shift	1 space for each employee on maximum shift
	Airports	To be determined upon review by the Planning Director	To be determined upon review by the Planning Director
	Bus and Train Stations	To be determined upon review by the Planning Director	To be determined upon review by the Planning Director
	Penal and Correctional Facilities	To be determined upon review by the Planning Director	To be determined upon review by the Planning Director
	Post Office	1 space for each 300 sq. ft. of gross floor area	1 space for each 150 sq. ft. of gross floor area
	Sanitary Landfill	To be determined upon review by the Planning Director	To be determined upon review by the Planning Director
	Social/Fraternal Clubs or Lodges, Union Halls and Similar uses (individual recreational components should be counted separately)	1 space for each 150 sq. ft. of gross floor area in suburban form districts. 1 space for each 350 sq. ft. of gross floor area in traditional form Districts.	1 space for each 75 sq. ft. of gross floor area
	Fire Stations With full-time staff With voluntary staff	1 space for each 2 employees on the maximum shift, plus 3 additional spaces 4 spaces for each piece of apparatus OR To be determined upon review by the Planning Director	1 space for each employee on the maximum shift, plus 3 additional spaces 6 spaces for each piece of apparatus OR To be determined upon review by the Planning Director
	funeral Homes and Mortuaries	1 space for each 150 sq. ft. of floor area in parlors or assembly areas in suburban form districts 1 space for each 350 sq. ft. of floor area in parlors or assembly areas in traditional form districts	1 space for each 75 sq. ft. of floor area in parlors or assembly areas
	Libraries, Museums, Art Galleries and similar uses	1 space for each 300 sq. ft. of gross floor area in suburban form districts 1 space for each 1, 000 sq. ft. of gross floor area in tradition form districts	1 space for each 150 sq. ft. of gross floor area

9.1.4 Location of Parking on Lot

Off-street parking is prohibited in all required building setbacks unless specifically authorized in the Form District Regulations.

Exception: Parking for single-family residential uses and duplexes is permitted in the required front or street side yard only on a hard surface or approved semi-pervious driveway that does not exceed twenty (20) feet in width and that leads to a garage, carport, house or rear yard. Parking on approved circular driveways may be permitted as long as the circular driveway has been approved by the Director of Public Works or designee. The circular driveway shall be constructed in accordance with Metro Public Works standards.

9.1.5 Off-Site Parking

Parking spaces required by this Part may be located off-site on property under the same ownership as the use the parking spaces are intended to serve. Such parking spaces must be located within 1,000 feet of the buildings or uses requiring the parking. The 1,000 feet requirement shall be measured by the shortest walking distance (using sidewalks and designated crosswalks) from the nearest point of the property on which the parking spaces are located, to the nearest point of the property on which the use is located and which the parking is intended to serve. The site must be properly zoned and have all proper approvals for automobile parking areas.
Parking spaces required by this Part may be located on property under separate ownership from the use the parking is intended to serve as long as the following conditions are satisfied.
1. The applicant(s) demonstrates that one or more uses located off-site exceed the minimum number of parking spaces required by this Part and are willing to allocate a certain number of the excess spaces to another use to meet its minimum number of required spaces.
2. The site is properly zoned and has all proper approvals for automobile parking areas.
3. Off-site parking spaces must be located within 1,000 feet of the buildings or uses requiring the parking. The 1,000 feet requirement shall be measured by the shortest walking distance (using sidewalks and designated crosswalks) from the nearest point of the property on which the parking spaces are located, to the nearest point of the property on which the use is located and which the parking is intended to serve.
4. All parties shall execute a properly drawn legal instrument/agreement providing for the use of the off-site parking spaces. This instrument shall be drawn to the satisfaction of the Planning Commission's attorney and shall be executed by all parties concerned assuring the availability of the number of spaces designated for off-site use and shall be recorded in the County Clerks Office. No lease, easement or license of parking spaces may be cancelled without sixty (60) days prior written notice to the Planning Director and a copy of the signed lease, easement, license or agreement must be filed with the application. The applicants and their successors shall annually provide certification to the Planning Director that the parking spaces associated with the off-site parking agreement are still available. The applicant shall provide the Planning Director with immediate written notice at any time that any of the parking spaces associated with the off-site parking agreement become unavailable and shall have thirty (30) days from the time that the parking spaces associated with the off-site parking agreement became unavailable to provide the required number of parking spaces or to apply for a Parking Waiver to reduce the required number of spaces. The uses Certificate of Occupancy shall be conditioned upon the continued availability of the required number of parking spaces.
NOTE: Any joint use parking site must be properly zoned and have all proper approvals for automobile parking areas.

9.1.6 Joint Use Parking

The Planning Director or designee may authorize the joint use of required parking spaces when two or more uses on the same or separate properties are able to share the same parking spaces because their peak parking demands occur at different times. Joint use of off-street parking spaces shall be subject to the following:

A Parking Study that conforms to the requirements of Section 9.1.17 shall be submitted by the applicants.
The number of parking spaces which may be credited against the requirements for the structures or uses involved shall not exceed the number of spaces reasonably anticipated to be available during any hours of operation as determined by the Planning Commission based upon the recommendation of the applicable agency responsible for approval of off-street parking facilities.
The joint parking spaces must be located within 1,000 feet of the buildings or uses being served by such facility, measured by the shortest walking distance (using sidewalks and designated crosswalks) from the nearest point of the property on which the parking facility is located, to the nearest point of the property on which the use is located and which the parking is intended to serve. Additionally, signage shall be provided identifying any parking spaces that are being leased or jointly used, who those spaces are available to, and any other restrictions (e.g. time available) that may apply. The location and size of such signage shall be required as Part of the joint use agreement and shall be subject to review and approval by the Planning Commission or its designee.
Off street parking areas required for residential use shall not be included in any joint parking arrangement.
All parties shall execute a properly drawn legal instrument/agreement providing for the joint use of the off-street parking areas. This instrument shall be drawn to the satisfaction of the Planning Commission’s attorney and shall be executed by all parties concerned assuring the availability of the number of spaces designated for joint use and shall be recorded in the County Clerk’s Office. The applicants and their successors shall annually provide certification to the Planning Director that the parking spaces associated with the joint use agreement are still available. The applicant shall provide the Planning Commission with immediate written notice at any time that any of the parking spaces associated with the joint use agreement become unavailable and shall have thirty (30) days from the time that the parking spaces associated with the joint use agreement became unavailable to provide the required number of parking spaces or to apply for a Parking Waiver to reduce the required number of spaces. The use’s Certificate of Occupancy shall be conditioned upon the continued availability of the required number of parking spaces.

9.1.7 Carpool Parking

For office, industrial, and institutional uses where there are more than 20 parking spaces designated for employee use on the site, the following standards must be met:

Five spaces or five percent of the parking spaces on the site, whichever is less, must be reserved for carpool use. More spaces may be provided, but are not required.
The spaces designated for carpool use will be those closest to the building entrance or elevator, but not closer than the spaces for disabled parking and those signed or intended for exclusive customer use.
Signs must be posted, or painted within the spaces, indicating that these spaces are reserved for carpool use.

9.1.8 Elevator Parking Systems

Elevator parking systems or vertical parking towers may be used to meet the minimum number of parking spaces required in accordance with the following:

The use of elevator parking systems or vertical parking towers may be permitted by the Planning Commission or its designee for any use as long as an attendant is present during all business or working hours to move vehicles. The applicant must file an agreement/guarantee with the Planning Commission or its designee ensuring that an attendant will always be present when the system/tower is in operation.
The use of elevator parking systems or vertical parking towers may be permitted by the Planning Commission or its designee for any office or industrial use without an attendant present if the parking spaces provided in this manner are designated for employee use only.

NOTE: Explanatory material on vertical parking towers is available from planning and Design Services.

9.1.9 Stacked Parking

Stacked or valet parking may be used to meet the minimum number of parking spaces required in accordance with the following:

The use of stacked or valet parking may be permitted by the Planning Commission or its designee for any use as long as an attendant is present during all business or working hours to move vehicles. The applicant must file an agreement/guarantee with the Planning Commission or its designee ensuring that an attendant will always be present when the lot is in operation.
The use of stacked parking may be permitted by the Planning Commission or its designee for any office or industrial use without an attendant present if the parking spaces used in this manner are designated for employee use only.
The specific design and layout of stacked or valet parking areas shall be approved by the agency responsible for approval of off-street parking facilities.

Parking within a driveway shall not be considered stacked parking.

9.1.10 Credit for On-Street Parking Spaces

Legal on-street parking spaces may be used to satisfy the minimum parking space requirements of this Part. The use of on-street parking spaces to satisfy the minimum parking space requirements of this Part, however, in no way limits the use of said parking spaces to customers, employees or visitors of that particular use. Such parking spaces shall be available to the general public. The use of this provision shall be in accordance with the following:

Credit for on-street parking spaces may be given only in the Neighborhood, Traditional Neighborhood, Traditional Marketplace Corridor, Traditional Workplace, Town Center, Downtown and Village Form Districts.
Any on-street parking space used in this manner must be located on a public street directly abutting and on the same side of the street as the development site.
On-street parking spaces whose use is governed by parking meters or by peak hour parking restrictions may not be used to satisfy the minimum parking requirements of residential uses, but may be used for all other uses as long as the restricted hours of use do not overlap with the land use’s peak hours of operation. Bus stops, clear zones adjacent to curb cuts and other areas in which parking is prohibited shall not be included in the calculation of on-street parking spaces.
On-street parking spaces that are not directly abutting the development site may be counted towards the minimum parking space requirements only if specifically authorized by a Parking Waiver.
For the purposes of this section an on-street parking space shall be a minimum of 20 feet in length. Fractional spaces less than .8 (16 feet) shall not be counted as a parking space.

NOTE: Example: A site with 56 feet of frontage on a public street can claim credit for three parking spaces; a site with 55 feet of frontage can claim credit for two spaces.

9.1.11 Use of Required Parking Spaces The following shall apply to the use of required parking spaces and areas:

Required parking spaces must be available for the use of residents, customers, visitors or employees of the use. They may not be assigned in any way to a use on another site, except where the joint use parking provisions are employed (see Section 9.1.6).
Fees may be charged for the use of required parking spaces.
Required parking spaces and areas shall not be used for the display, advertisement, sale, repair, dismantling or wrecking of any vehicles, equipment or materials.
Buildings or structures shall be permitted for shelters for guards, attendants or watchmen; however, any such structure shall not occupy required parking spaces and shall be appropriately delineated on the approved development plan.

Example: If a development is required to provide a minimum of eighty (80) parking spaces and provides one-hundred (100) parking spaces, then the developer shall have the option of surfacing twenty-five (25) percent of the development's total parking area using concrete, surfacing twenty parking spaces using semi-pervious paving systems, locating twenty parking spaces within a parking structure or elevator parking facility, or of providing 25% more canopy trees within the site's ILA's than its otherwise required.

9.1.12 Parking Area Improvements and Maintenance

Surfacing and Facility Type.
1. All off-street parking areas except for those serving agricultural uses shall be of a hard and durable surface that limits or precludes particulate air pollution. Asphalt, brick, concrete paving and interlocking paving blocks, including semi-pervious systems that retain space for vegetation, are acceptable paving materials. Other paving materials (including gravel) may be permitted upon approval by the agency responsible for approval of off-street parking facilities but must include a binding agent to stabilize the surface and prevent dust.
2. Developments that provide more than fifty (50) off-street parking spaces and exceed the minimum number of parking spaces required by this Part shall either:
  1. Surface a portion of its total parking area proportional to the extent to which the minimum number of parking spaces is exceeded using concrete; or
  2. Surface the parking spaces in excess of the minimum using semi-pervious paving systems, or locate those parking spaces in excess of the minimum within parking structures or elevator parking systems: or
  3. Provide 25% more trees within the required Interior Landscape Area (ILA) than is otherwise required by Chapter 10 of the Land Development Code for the sites entire parking area. The trees provided shall be Type A trees that maximize the amount of shade that is provided within the parking area. Additionally, the ILA’s shall be designed to maximize their ability to absorb the sites stormwater runoff in an effort to improve the water quality of the stormwater runoff and to provide an adequate water supply to ensure the long term health of the canopy trees. The Planning Commission may modify this requirement if the applicant demonstrates that an alternative site design, surfacing material or facility type offers greater environmental benefits than those associated with the requirements in this Part.
Striping. All off-street parking spaces, except for those serving detached single-family uses and agricultural uses, shall be delineated using durable painted lines that meet the Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) standards or be approved by the agency responsible for approval of off-street parking facilities. The agency responsible for approval of off-street parking facilities may waive this requirement based on the particular surfacing material being used and other relevant factors.
Wheel Stops and Protective Curbing. Concrete wheel stops or curbing at least six (6) inches high and six (6) inches wide shall be provided to prevent vehicles from overhanging abutting sidewalks, properties or public rights-of-way, to protect landscaped areas and to protect adjacent properties. Such wheel stops or curbing shall be located at least three (3) feet from any adjacent wall, fence, property line, woody vegetation, walkway or structure.
Landscaping. Parking area landscaping shall be provided in accordance with Chapter 10 of the Land Development Code.
Lighting. Parking area lighting shall be provided in accordance with Chapter 4 of the Land Development Code.
Litter Receptacles. All off-street parking areas serving retail uses and restaurants shall provide at least one outdoor litter receptacle within the parking area or at the building entrance. One additional outdoor litter receptacle shall be provided within the parking area or at the building entrance for each seventy-five (75) parking spaces located on the site.
Handicapped Parking Spaces. Handicapped parking spaces shall be provided as required by local ordinances or Federal or State law. All handicapped parking spaces shall be located so that:
1. The spaces provide easy access from the closest parking area to the major entrances of the use for which they are provided;
2. The disabled individual is not compelled to wheel or walk behind parked cars other than his or her own; and
3. A pedestrian way accessible to physically disabled persons shall be provided from each parking space to related facilities including curb cuts and/or ramps.
Signage. All signs within off-street parking areas shall be approved by the agency responsible for approval of off-street parking facilities.
Maintenance. All off-street parking areas shall be permanently and continually maintained in good condition and free from potholes, weeds, dirt, trash and other debris.
Compact Vehicle Spaces. Up to 15% of the minimum required parking spaces may be assigned as compact vehicles spaces with approval from the agency responsible for approval of off-street parking facilities and the requirements listed below:
1. Compact vehicles spaces shall be clearly labeled for 'Compact Cars' and shall be approved in accordance with paragraph H above.
2. The minimum dimensions of compact vehicles spaces shall be in conformance with Section 9.1.13.
3. Design techniques such as use of lampposts, bollards, extra landscaped areas at the front of compact spaces or the location of compact spaces shall be incorporated into the parking lot plan to preclude the parking of standard size vehicles in compact vehicle spaces.
Motorcycle Parking. A commercial or other nonresidential development may substitute motorcycle spaces for required automobile spaces at the rate of one (1) motorcycle space for each 25 automobile spaces, up to a maximum of five (5) percent of the minimum required motor vehicles spaces. No more than one (1) motorcycle space shall be permitted per row of parking.
Bicycle parking may substitute for up to five (5) percent of required parking spaces (as required by Table 9.1.2) in accordance with the following calculation method. For every five (5) non-required bicycle parking spaces (non-required spaces are those bicycle spaces provided in excess of those required by Table 9.2.1) that meet the short or long-term bicycle parking standards, the motor vehicle parking minimum requirement shall be reduced by one space. Existing parking may be converted to take advantage of this provision.

NOTE: The parking dimensions required by this Part are based on the parking turnover rate for various uses. The concept, which is published and recommended by ITE is based upon the premise that the more frequently a parking space is entered and exited, the more space is needed to accommodate for driver error.

9.1.13 Parking Area Layout and Design

Access to Parking Spaces.
1. All parking areas, except stacked parking areas, must be designed so that a vehicle may enter or exit without requiring another vehicle to move.
2. Except for single-family dwellings and duplexes, each off-street parking space shall open directly upon a private aisle or private driveway of such width and design as to provide a safe and efficient means of vehicular access between the parking space and public streets. Parking spaces shall be designed to preclude vehicles backing from or onto a public street. Non-residential off-street parking facilities designed for vehicles backing from or onto an alley may be allowed at the discretion of the Director of Works, while those designed for vehicles backing from or onto a private access easement may be allowed at the discretion of the agency responsible for approval of off-street parking facilities.

Parking Space and Aisle Dimensions

The dimensions of off-street parking spaces and associated drive aisles shall be determined by applying the minimum dimensional requirements found within Table 9.1.3. The width of compact vehicles spaces shall be at least eight (8) feet. The width of motorcycle spaces shall be at least five (5) feet.
Parking structures developed to provide the minimum number parking spaces required by this Part must meet the minimum dimensional requirements specified in Table 9.1.3, below. The design and layout of all other parking structures, including but not limited to those used to create parking spaces in excess of the maximum allowed for a particular use and those for-profit parking structures not associated with any particular use, shall be approved by the agency responsible for approval of off-street parking facilities.
Parking spaces serving single family residential developments located within driveways and garages need only meet the Stall Width and Stall Depth to Wall standards set forth in Table 9.1.3
Parallel parking spaces shall be at least ten (10) feet in width and twenty- two (22) feet in length.
1. The Director of the Permit Issuing Authority may modify the dimensional requirements of this Section when he/she finds that such modifications would not adversely affect the functionality of the parking area and the safety of those that use it (such as the use of other acceptable standards like ITE Manual standards)

Minimum Off-street Parking						Dimensions Modules
Parking Angle (degrees)	Sw Basic Stall Width (ft)	WP Stall Width Parallel to Aisle (ft)	VPw Stall Depth to Wall (ft)	Vpi Stall Depth to Interlock (ft)	AW Aisle Width (ft)	W2 Wall to Wall (ft)	W4 Interlock to Interlock (ft)
45	8.5	12	17.5	15.3	13	48	44
45	9	12.7	17.5	15.3	12	47	43
45	9.5	13.4	17.5	15.3	11	46	42

60	8.5	9.8	19	17.5	18	56	53
60	9	10.4	19	17.5	16	54	51
60	9.5	11	19	17.5	15	51	50

75	8.2	8.3	19.5	18.8	25	64	63
75	9	9.3	19.5	18.8	23	62	61
75	9.5	9.8	19.5	18.8	22	61	60

90	8.5	8.5	18.5	18	26	62	60
90	9	9	18.5	18	24	60	60

Key for Table 9.1.3
W2	Parking Module Width (wall to wall)
W4	Parking Module Width (interlock to interlock)
AW	Aisle Width
WP	Stall Width
VPi	Stall Depth to Interlock
VPw	Stall Depth to Wall
Sw	Basic Stall Width

General Design Criteria
1. The parking areas of all developments shall be designed so that sanitation, emergency, and other public service vehicles can serve such developments without the necessity making hazardous turning movements.
2. Circulation areas shall be designed so that vehicles can proceed safely without posing a danger to pedestrians, bicyclists, or other vehicles and without interfering with parking areas. This includes the provision for “stop”, “yield”, “speed limit”, “do not enter” and other traffic signs at appropriate locations.
3. Vehicles parked on private driveways shall be arranged to avoid pedestrian / vehicle conflict (i.e. vehicles should not extent across sidewalks or other pedestrian facilities).

9.1.14 Queuing for Drive-Through Facilities

In addition to meeting the parking requirements of this Part, drive-through facilities shall comply with the following standards.

Spaces Required. The minimum number of queue spaces required shall be as follows. The Director of the Permit Issuing Authority may permit variations from these minimums when he/she finds that such modifications would not adversely affect the functionality of the parking area and the safety of those that use it. The Director of Works may require queue spaces in excess of the minimum when he/she finds that the proposed facility would cause traffic to back-up on a public thoroughfare.

Use	Minimum Spaces	Measured From
Bank Teller Lane, Laundromats/Dry Cleaners, Drug Store, Ice Cream Parlor Drive-Through Lane	3 per Lane	Teller or Window
Automated Teller Machine (ATM)	2 per Machine	Teller Machine
Restaurant, Coffee Shop Drive-Through	6 per Lane	Pick-up Window
Car Wash (Conveyor type Operated by Customer)	4 per Conveyor Unit/Stall	Entrance
Car Was (Conveyor type Operated/Washed by Employees)	6 per Conveyor Unit/Stall	Entrance
Car Wash (Self Service/Manual)	2 per Stall	Stall

Minimum Dimensions. Each queue space shall be at least ten (10) feet in width and twenty (20) feet in length.
Design. Each queue lane shall be clearly defined and designated so as not to conflict or interfere with other pedestrian or vehicular traffic on the site.

9.1.15 Parking in Residential Areas

The following regulations shall apply to outdoor parking for all residential zoning districts located in allowed parking area in the Neighborhood, Traditional Neighborhood and Village Form Districts.

Parking of Passenger Vehicles and Light Trucks. Passenger vehicles and light trucks may be parked in any allowed parking area to the extent that the number of vehicles being parked does not exceed the maximum permitted in Table 9.1.2.
Parking of Medium and Heavy Trucks.
1. The parking of medium trucks shall count against the maximum number of vehicles allowed in Table 9.1.2 and shall be permitted as follows:
  
  No more than one medium truck per dwelling unit may be parked outdoors on a lot that is less than 20,000 square feet in size.
  
  No more than two medium trucks per dwelling unit may be parked outdoor on a lot that is greater than or equal to 20,000 square feet in size.
2. The parking of heavy trucks and equipment is prohibited.
Buses, Utility Trailers and Recreational Vehicles. Buses, utility trailers, recreational vehicles and trailers used to haul recreational vehicles may be parked in required parking spaces as specified in B above, but shall not be parked between the street and facade of the principal structure on the lot. These vehicles shall count toward the maximum number of vehicles permitted on a lot. For purposes of this regulation a recreational vehicle on a trailer shall be considered as one vehicle.

Exception: Those located within multi-family developments that consist of six (6) or more apartment units shall be parked in areas set aside for such parking and shall be screened using a continuous vegetative hedge at least three (3) feet in height.
Vehicle Service and Repair. Service and repair of vehicles not owned or leased by and registered to a resident of the site is prohibited. Vehicles may be serviced and repaired provided that the conditions listed in either 1 and 2 or 3 and 4, below, are met.
1. The vehicles are owned or leased by and registered to residents of the site; and
2. The service and repair is minor. Minor service and repair includes tune-ups, replacement and servicing of oil and other fluids, and replacement and adjustment of minor parts such as tires, hoses, belts, filters, fuses and similar items. It does not include: body and fender repair and replacement; painting; engine or transmission removal or replacement; or any work using welders, torches, or air-driven power tools.
  
  NOTE: Abandoned, Junked and Inoperable Vehicles are regulated by various City and County Ordinances
3. The vehicles are owned or leased by and registered to residents of the site; and
4. All work occurs within a completely enclosed structure.

9.1.16 Parking Waiver Provisions

General Parking Waivers. In extraordinary cases in which the requirements of this Part would create hardship in the use of a particular site, the Planning Commission may consider granting a General Parking Waiver.
1. When Required. General Parking Waivers are required when an applicant wishes to provide less parking spaces than are required by this Part, when an applicant wishes to provide more parking spaces than are allowed by this Part, or when an applicant wishes to use on-street parking spaces that are not directly adjacent or abutting the development site or parking spaces located in a public parking lot to meet the minimum number of spaces required by this Part. 2
2. . Application Requirements. General Parking Waiver applications must provide the following:
  1. A completed application form.
  2. A district development plan depicting the use and the off-street parking areas which, except as otherwise specified herein, shall be processed, implemented and enforced as prescribed by other portions of the Land Development Code. The applicant shall pay the fee specified for such a request unless the request is processed with a request for rezoning relating to the same property.
  3. The names and addresses of:
    1. 1st and 2nd tier property owners,
    2. Neighborhood groups who have registered with PDS to receive notices of development actions,
    3. 2nd through 6th class city if the development is located within or immediately adjacent to such a municipality,
    4. Metro council district representative, and
    5. Any property owner within 100 feet of any on-street parking spaces or public parking lot proposed to be used to meet the requirements of this part.
  4. Parking Study as prescribed in Section 9.1.17 of this Part.
  5. A current recorded deed with an “End of Document Stamp” on the last page.
  6. Any other submittal requirements as determined by the Planning Director or designee.
3. Process.
  1. The Planning Director (or designee), Development Review Committee, the Planning Commission and Metro Council shall review a General Parking Waiver request as follows:
    1. Parking waiver reductions of 10% or less or five (5) spaces or less (no matter the percentage) shall be reviewed by the Planning Director or designee. Notice shall be sent in accordance with paragraph b below. Based on public comments the director or designee may choose to bring the proposed parking waiver to the Development Review Committee for further review, notice of this meeting shall be in accordance with paragraph b below as well.
    2. Parking waiver reductions of more than 10% but less than 30% shall be reviewed by an appropriate committee of the Planning Commission. Notice of the parking waiver review by the committee of the Planning Commission shall be sent in accordance with paragraph b below.
    3. Parking waiver reductions of 30% or greater shall be reviewed by the Planning Commission at a public hearing. Notice of the parking waiver review public hearing shall be sent in accordance with paragraph b below. In cases of parking waiver reductions in excess of 50% the Planning Commission shall forward a recommendation to the applicable legislative body with zoning authority for final action.
    4. Waivers to provide more parking than the maximum allowed shall be review by an appropriate committee of the Planning Commission. Notice of the parking waiver review by the committee shall be in accordance with paragraph b below.
  2. Notice. Notice of the parking waiver shall be sent to those meeting the criteria of Section 9.1.16 A.2.c using the information provided by the applicant, by first class mail not less than ten (10) and not more than thirty (30) days prior to the date of the public meeting or final action by the Planning Director.
4. Required Findings. In granting a General Parking Waiver the Planning Commission must find that:
  1. All General Parking Waivers
    1. The Parking Waiver is in compliance with the Comprehensive Plan; and
    2. The applicant made a good faith effort to provide as many parking spaces as possible on the site, on other property under the same ownership, or through joint use provisions.
  2. Waivers to Reduce the Minimum Number of Required Parking Spaces
    1. The applicant made a good faith effort to provide as many parking spaces as possible on the site, on other property under the same ownership, or through joint use provisions; and
    2. The requested waiver is the smallest possible reduction of parking spaces that would accommodate the proposed use; and
    3. Adjacent or nearby properties will not be adversely affected; and
    4. The requirements found in Table 9.1.2 do not accurately depict the parking needs of the proposed use and the requested reduction will accommodate the parking demand to be generated by the proposed use; and
    5. That there is a surplus of on-street or public spaces in the area that can accommodate the generated parking demand.
  3. Waivers to Provide More Parking Spaces than the Maximum Allowed
    1. The requirements found in Table 9.1.2 do not allow the provision of the number of parking spaces needed to accommodate the parking needs of the proposed use; and
    2. The requested increase is the minimum needed to do so.
5. Continued Validity. The continued validity of a Parking Waiver shall be in accordance with following:
  1. Any reduction of the required number of parking spaces granted by the Planning Commission shall be limited to the specific use of the property and the amount of parking shown on the district development plan.
  2. Any expansion of the use beyond what is depicted on the development plan shall provide parking as required by this Part.
  3. Any change of use of property that has been granted a parking waiver shall be reviewed by the Planning Commission. If the Commission determines that the change in use may have a substantial impact on the need for parking facilities, the Commission shall hold a public hearing to determine if the reduction of parking spaces granted to the previous use shall apply to the new use.
  4. Parking waivers approved under a previous development code regulation shall be valid under this part. The parking requirement for a site that obtained a waiver under a previous development code regulation shall be based on the number of spaces required as part of the waiver approval. A property owner may abandon a parking waiver approval under a previous development code by written request to the Planning Director. The request shall be reviewed by the Land Development and Transportation Committee. The owner/applicant shall demonstrate sufficient parking under the LDC before review of any abandonment request.
Residential Revitalization Parking Waivers. In cases in which the minimum parking space requirements of this Part would create hardship in the use of a particular site for residential purposes, the parking space requirements may be reduced by up to one hundred (100) percent of the spaces normally required if:
1. The site is located within a Traditional Neighborhood, Traditional Marketplace Corridor, Traditional Workplace or Town Center Form District.
2. The Planning Commission finds that the reduction of parking requirements will not create a shortage of parking spaces in the surrounding area and that the provision of parking spaces as prescribed in this Part would create a hardship or would entail extraordinary expense; and
3. For requests for reduction of parking requirements by ten (10) or more spaces, the Planning Commission finds the request to be in conformance with the Comprehensive Plan. The Planning Commission may hold a public hearing on the waiver request if it determines that a public hearing is necessary.
4. Planning Commission approval or denial of any residential revitalization parking waiver request may be reviewed by the legislative body having zoning authority over the property in question, if said legislative body determines that such a review is warranted. Any such review shall be conducted as a public hearing. The owner(s) of the subject property or any aggrieved party may request such a hearing by written letter to the appropriate legislative body stating the reason(s) why such a review is warranted. Such letter shall be filed with the appropriate legislative body within fifteen (15) days from the date the minutes of the Planning Commission are approved reflecting its action regarding said residential revitalization parking waiver request. The legislative body shall forward a copy of said letter to the owner of the subject property, if the owner is not the applicant for the review. A copy of said letter shall also be forwarded by the legislative body to the Planning Commission.
  1. If the legislative body determines that a review regarding the residential revitalization parking waiver request is warranted, it shall inform the Planning Commission, by letter, of the date, time, place, and subject of the public hearing concerning the review.
  2. The legislative body shall notify, by letter, all parties of record to any Planning Commission hearing previously held regarding the subject residential revitalization parking waiver request, and all owners of property adjoining the subject property of the date, time, place, and subject of the hearing.
  3. The public hearing shall include a presentation by the Planning Commission stating the reason(s) for its action pertaining to the residential revitalization parking waiver request. In addition, any applicant for review of the Planning Commission's action pertaining to said request shall state why he believes the Planning Commission's action was not justified. The legislative body may hear any other such witnesses and review any other evidence at the hearing it deems appropriate.
  4. The legislative body may adopt a resolution approving or denying the residential revitalization parking waiver request, but it must act no later than sixty (60) days from the time Planning Commission acts on the waiver request.

9.1.17 Parking Studies

When Required. A Parking Study shall be required when any of the following occurs:
1. An applicant wishes to utilize the Joint Use Parking provisions described in Section 9.1.6.
2. An applicant requests a General Parking Waiver to allow the provision of less parking spaces than are required by this Part.
3. An applicant requests a General Parking Waiver to allow the provision of more parking spaces than is allowed by this Part.
4. An applicant wishes to use on-street parking spaces that are not directly adjacent to or abutting the development site or parking spaces in a public parking lot to meet the minimum number of parking spaces required by this Part.
5. The Planning Director, upon consultation with the Director of Works and the agency responsible for approval of off-street parking facilities, requests a Parking Study due to unusual circumstances on or near the site.
  
  EXCEPTION: A parking study shall not be required if a corridor or area specific parking study has been conducted that includes the development site in question. The corridor or area specific parking study shall be used to fulfill the parking study requirement listed in Section 9.1.17 A1-5. A parking study shall not be required for parking waiver requests of 10% or less.
Content. A Parking Study submitted to satisfy the requirements of this Part shall include the following information based upon the reason the Parking Study is required. The Planning Director, upon consultation with the Director of Works and the agency responsible for approval of off-street parking facilities, may waive any of these required contents or require additional information depending upon the specifics of the application. The Parking Study shall be reviewed by, and must be acceptable to, the Planning Director, upon consultation with the Director of Works and the agency responsible for approval of off-street parking facilities.
1. Joint Use Parking
  1. A description of each site’s use(s) including a detailed calculation of its required/allowed parking, a listing of peak hour(s) of parking demand for each use and/or site, and an inventory of existing spaces on each site; and
  2. The results of at least three separate site surveys, conducted on different days, that depict the usage of the existing parking spaces hourly during the peak hours of usage and hourly four hours before and after that time. Site surveys are not needed for any portion of the period four hours before and after the peak hour in which the use is not in operation. One of the days surveyed should be the peak day or busiest day of operation, if one can be determined for the specific use(s); and
  3. Any other information requested by the Planning Director or the agency responsible for approval of off-street parking facilities.
  4. A map showing the location of on-street and off-street parking spaces used in the parking study. The map shall clearly delineate the location and number of spaces used in the study.
2. Parking Waivers for Space Reductions or Increases.
  1. An analysis of the peak parking demand for two similar or like facilities in terms of use and size. The analysis should include the facilities' peak parking days of the week and hours of the day, as depicted by a study of the existing parking spaces hourly during the peak hours of usage and hourly four hours before and after that time for each facility. It should also include the number of spaces each facility contains; or
  2. The results of at least three separate site surveys, conducted on different days, that depict the usage of the existing parking spaces hourly during the peak hour of usage and hourly four hours before and after that time for a similar or like facility. Site surveys are not needed for any portion of the period four hours before and after the peak hour in which the use is not in operation. One of the days surveyed should be the peak day or busiest day of operation, if one can be determined for the specific use(s); and
  3. Any other information requested by the Planning Director or the agency responsible for approval of off-street parking facilities.
  4. A map showing the location of on-street and off-street parking spaces used in the parking study. The map shall clearly delineate the location and number of spaces used in the study.
3. Parking Waivers for Use of On-Street Parking Spaces Not Adjacent to Site or Spaces Located in Public Parking Lots
  1. A map depicting the site and all lots, uses, streets, and alleys adjacent to on-street parking spaces proposed to be used to satisfy the minimum parking space requirements of this Part. The map should also depict the on-street parking spaces or public parking lot and should be drawn to scale and include a north arrow; and
  2. The results of at least three separate site surveys, conducted on different days, that depict the usage of the existing on-street parking spaces or public parking lot during the peak hour of usage and four hours before and after that time. Site surveys are not needed for any portion of the period four hours before and after the peak hour in which the use is not in operation. One of the days surveyed should be the peak day or busiest day in the vicinity, if one can be determined for the specific use(s); and
  3. Any other information requested by the Planning Director or the Director of Works.
  4. A map showing the location of on-street and off-street parking spaces used in the parking study. The map shall clearly delineate the location and number of spaces used in the study.

9.1.18 Loading Area Requirements

All buildings and uses that require the receipt or distribution of materials or merchandise by medium or heavy trucks or similar vehicles shall provide loading space in accordance with this Part.

The following requirements for loading areas shall be applicable within the Neighborhood, Village, Campus, Town Center, Regional Center, Suburban Marketplace Corridor and Suburban Workplace Form Districts:

New buildings, or buildings structurally altered to the extent of increasing floor area to an amount equal to the minimum floor area required to provide loading space, shall provide the number of spaces in accordance with its class of use as prescribed by this Section. Only that portion erected or expanded after the effective date of this Part shall be required to meet the provisions of this Section.

Commercial, industrial, and public utility uses, which have gross floor area of 5,000 square feet or more, shall provide off-street truck loading or unloading berths in accordance with the following:

Square Feet of Floor Area	Number of Berths Required
Less than 5,000	0
5,000 to 30,000	1
30,001 and over	2 plus 1 for each additional 90,0000 sq. ft. or portion thereof

Office buildings, hotels, hospitals and institutions, schools and colleges, public buildings, recreational or entertainment facilities, and any similar use which has a gross floor area of 100,000 square feet or more shall provide off-street truck loading or unloading berths in accordance with the following:

Square Feet of Floor Area	Number of Berths Required
Less than 100,000	0
100,001 to 200,000	1
200,001 and over	2 plus 1 for each additional 90,0000 sq. ft. or portion thereof

Restaurants that have a gross floor area greater than 30,000 square feet shall provide at least one off-street truck loading or unloading berth.

The minimum size of an off-street loading berth shall be 10 feet by 50 feet, with a height clearance of 14 feet, exclusive of driveways and maneuvering space. The loading berth shall be designed and located to preclude the need of a delivery vehicle to back onto a public right-of-way.
Loading and unloading spaces shall not constitute required off-street parking space; nor shall any off-street parking area be used for off-street loading purposes. No loading area may be located in the required yards.
The number and size of loading berths required by this Part may be reduced by up to fifty (50) percent or by one berth, whichever is greater, by the agency responsible for approval of off-street parking facilities upon demonstration by the applicant that the proposed building or use can be adequately served by fewer and/or smaller berths than is required by this Part.

The following requirements for loading areas shall be applicable within the Downtown, Traditional Neighborhood, Traditional Marketplace and Traditional Workplace Form Districts: 1. New buildings or uses shall provide truck loading or unloading berths adequate to serve the proposed use. The Director of Works, upon consultation with the agency responsible for approval of off-street parking facilities, shall determine the minimum number and size of off-street loading berths required. 2. The proposed building or use may fulfill minimum loading requirements by providing a combination of both off-street loading berths and on-street loading zones. The Director of Works, upon consultation with the agency responsible for approval of off-street parking facilities, shall make a determination of the minimum number and size of off-street loading berths based on a review of the development and circulation plans and other supporting documentation submitted by the applicant.